Inqubo yokuntanta kwamagwebu ngokuvamile ichazwa njengesenzo samakhemikhali angokoqobo, lapho izinhlayiya ze-mineral zikhangwa, futhi zizinamathisele phezu kwebhamuza, bese ithuthelwa phezu kweseli, lapho iphuphuma khona idlulele endaweni yokulahla amanzi. , ngokuvamile ngosizo lwama-paddles, azungezisayo aye ngakulo okowasha (okuyinto ngokuvamile ewumphongolo, onhloso yawo kuwukuhambisa udaka luyise ethangini lapho luphonswa khona ukuze luqhubeke nokucutshungulwa, njengokukhipha amanzi noma ukuleaching. Ukuphuma kwezinsalela, emishinini evamile yokuntanta, isekupheleni okuphambene neseli kusuka kokuphakelayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi udaka luhamba lonke ubude beseli ludlule amabhange amaningi aqukethe ama-impeller-diffuser, ngaphambi kokuthi akhishwe njengama-tailings.

Izinhlobo eziningana zamakhemikhali zihilelekile ekuntanteni kwamagwebu, kanti ezinye eziningi zingahileleka.Okokuqala uphromotha noma u-fther.Leli khemikhali limane lidale amabhamuza anamandla anele ukuze lifike phezulu ngaphandle kokuphuka.Ubukhulu bamabhamuza bubalulekile, futhi, futhi ukuthambekela kungamabhamuza amancane, njengoba enikeza izindawo ezingaphezulu (thintana nokuqinile kwamaminerali ngokushesha), futhi abe nokuzinza okukhulu.Okulandelayo ama-reagents okuqoqa ayikhemikhali eyinhloko ezokwakha isibopho phakathi kweminerali ethile endaweni yebhamuza.Abaqoqi bakhangisa endaweni yamaminerali noma bakhiqize ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngeminerali, ukuyivumela ukuthi ihlale inamathele ekugibeleni ukuya endaweni yokuhlanza.Utshwala nama-asidi abuthakathaka yizinhlobo ezimbili zamakhemikhali eziqoqiwe ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekuzuzeni amaminerali.

Kukhona futhi ama-reagents asetshenziswa kancane, njengama-depressors, ukucindezela ama-compounds ukuze angeke anamathele kumabhamuza, amakhemikhali alungisa i-pH, nama-activating agents.Ama-agent asebenzayo empeleni asiza isibopho somqoqi nge-mineral ethize okunzima ukuyintanta.

Izinkampani ezifana neCytec, Nalco, kanye neChevron Phillips Chemical Company zingabakhiqizi abakhulu bazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhemikhali antantayo.

Ngokufanelekile, ama-reagents azokwengezwa ku-tank conditioning, ene-agitator, ngaphambi kokuya esitokisini se-flotation, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, avele engezwe ekudleni, ngaphambi kokuba angene esitokisini, athembele ku-kinetics yeseli kanye nama-impellers. ukuhlanganisa.

Insimbi idinga ukugaywa ngokufanelekile ukuze ilingane nezinhlayiyana ukuze kukhululwe amaminerali, ngokuvamile ama-mesh ayi-100 noma acoliseke kakhulu (ama-microns angu-150).Bese ixutshwa namanzi ibe yiphesenti eliqinile lezinto eziqinile (imvamisa ukusuka ku-5% ukuya ku-20%), okuzoletha ukubuyiswa okuhle kwamaminerali.Lokhu kunqunywa kumaseli e-flotation eqeqebana elabhorethri, asebenzisa inani lokuhlola ukuze kutholwe isicaciso ngasinye senqubo.

Izinhlobo zemishini yokuntanta ziyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi, kodwa zonke zifana kakhulu, ngokuthi zethula umoya ongaphansi kwamanzi, futhi ziwuhlakaze esitokisini.Abanye basebenzisa ama-blower, ama-compressor komoya, noma isenzo se-impeller entantayo edala isikhala ngaphansi kwayo futhi idonsela umoya emshinini, ngepayipi elimisayo eliphinde libe ne-impeller shaft.Kusemininingwaneni yendlela yokwethula amakhemikhali, umoya namaminerali emanzini okwenza kuhluke.

Futhi njengokuphawula, ngibone i-voodoo eminingi kanye nezimangalo ezingamanga zokusebenza kahle ekwakhiweni komshini we-froth flotation kunanoma yini kusukela ezinsukwini zikawoyela wezinyoka zase-Old West.Kuwukuhlakanipha ngokujwayelekile ukunamathela kumkhiqizo omuhle osetshenziswa kakhulu ekuntanteni kweminerali oyifunayo.

Inqubekelaphambili eyodwa enkulu kube ukusetshenziswa kwe-Column Flotation njengeseli entantayo ehlanzekile embonini yethusi (kanye nezinye izimboni ezimbalwa).Ikhiqiza umkhiqizo ohlanzekile, futhi isebenza kahle njengengqamuzana elihlanzekile, ngokuvamile, kunamaseli avamile e-flotation.Ama-column flotation cell aqala ukubonakala ezitshalweni ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970 kuya ngawo-1980 futhi amukelwa kabanzi ngawo-1990.Ukuthambekela okuyinhloko ngamaseli e-flotation ajwayelekile kube Okukhulu Kungcono, namayunithi amakhulu afika emakethe emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule.