Imishini yezimayini isetshenziselwa ngqo ukumba izimbiwa kanye nemisebenzi yokunothisa.Kubandakanya imishini yezimayini kanye nemishini yokuhlomula.Umgomo wokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo semishini yokuhlola iyafana noma iyafana naleyo esetshenziswa ekumbiweni kwezimbiwa ezifanayo.Uma sikhuluma kabanzi, imishini yokuhlola ibuye ingeyemishini yezimayini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lama-cranes, ama-conveyor, ama-ventilator kanye nemishini yokudonsa amanzi nayo iyasetshenziswa emisebenzini yezimayini.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini yezimayini

1. Imishini yokuchoboza
Imishini yokuchoboza iyimishini eyimishini esetshenziselwa ukuchoboza amaminerali.

Imisebenzi yokuchoboza ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokuchotshozwa okumahhadla, ukuchotshozwa okuphakathi kanye nokuchotshozwa kahle ngokuya ngosayizi wokuphakela nokukhipha imbudumbudu.Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zamatshe zibandakanya i-gaw crusher, i- impact crusher, i- impact crusher, i-compound crusher, isiteji esisodwa esando isigxobo, i-vertical crusher, i-gyratory crusher, i-cone crusher, i-roller crusher, i-double roller crusher, i-two-in-one crusher, kanye ukwakha i-crusher, njll.

Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisithupha ngokusho kwendlela yokuchoboza kanye nezici zesakhiwo somshini (isimiso sesenzo).
(1) Isigaya somhlathi (Laohukou).Isenzo sokuchoboza siwukucindezela ngezikhathi ezithile ipuleti lomhlathi eligudluzayo ku-fixed jaw plate ukuze uchoboze amabhlogo ensimbi afakwe kuwo.
(2) I-cone crusher.I-ore block itholakala phakathi kwama-cone angaphakathi nangaphandle, i-cone yangaphandle igxilile, futhi i-cone yangaphakathi ijika ngokugqamile ukuchoboza noma ukuphula i-ore block efakwe kuyo.
(3) I-roller crusher.I-nugget ibhekene kakhulu nokuchotshozwa okuqhubekayo phakathi kwegebe eliphakathi kwamarola ayindilinga amabili aphenduphenduka ngokuphambene, kodwa futhi inomphumela wokugaya nokuxebuka, futhi indawo yerola enamazinyo nayo inomphumela wokunquma.
(4) Impact crusher.Izingcezu ze-ore zichotshozwa umthelela wezingxenye ezihambayo eziphenduka ngokushesha.Okungaphansi kwalesi sigaba kungahlukaniswa: i-hammer crusher;i-cage crusher;umthelela we-crusher.
(5) Umshini wokugaya.Insimbi ichotshozwa umthelela kanye nesenzo sokugaya sendawo yokugaya (ibhola lensimbi, induku yensimbi, igravel noma i-ore block) kusilinda esijikelezayo.
(6) Ezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokuchoboza neyokugaya.

2. Imishini yezimayini
Imishini yezimayini iyimishini eyimishini esetshenziselwa ukumba izimbiwa ngqo zamaminerali awusizo kanye nomsebenzi wokumba, okuhlanganisa: imishini yezimayini yokumba insimbi yensimbi kanye ne-non-metallic ore;imishini yokumba amalahle yokumba amalahle;imishini yokumba uwoyela yokumba i-petroleum.I-pneumatic disc shearer yokuqala yaklanywa unjiniyela waseBrithani u-Walker futhi yakhiqizwa ngempumelelo cishe ngo-1868. Ngawo-1880s, amakhulu emithombo kawoyela e-United States yambiwa ngempumelelo ngokubhoboza okushaywayo okuqhutshwa umusi.Ngo-1907, i-roller rig yasetshenziswa ukumba imithombo kawoyela negesi yemvelo.Kusukela ngo-1937, ibisetshenziselwa ukumba umgodi ovulekile..

3. Imishini yezimayini
Imishini yezimayini Imishini yokumba esetshenziswa ezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba kanye nemigodi evulekile ihlanganisa: Imishini yokumba ama-blastholes;ukumba imishini kanye nokulayisha kanye nokuthulula imishini yokumba kanye nokulayisha insimbi;umhubhe wemishini yokumba ama-patio, ama-shafts kanye nokulinganisa.

4. Imishini yokumba
Imishini yokumba ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili : izinsimbi zokumba amatshe nezinsimbi zokumba .Imishini yokumba ihlukaniswe yaba yimishini yokumba ngaphezulu kanye nemishini yokumba ama-downhole.
① I-Rock drill: isetshenziselwa ukubhoboza izimbobo ezinobubanzi obungu-20-100 mm kanye nokujula okungaphansi kwamamitha angu-20 emadwaleni ngaphezu kokuqina okumaphakathi.Ngokwamandla azo, zingahlukaniswa zibe umoya, amandla omlilo wangaphakathi, ama-hydraulic kanye nama-electric rock drill.Phakathi kwazo, ama-air drills asetshenziswa kakhulu.
② Irigi yokumba engaphezulu: Ngokwendlela yokusebenza ehlukene yokuchoboza itshe le-ore, ihlukaniswe yaba insimbi yokumba intambo yensimbi, into yokumba ephansi, i-roller drilling rig kanye ne-rotary drilling rig.Izintambo zokumba izintambo ezishaywayo zishintshiwe kancane kancane kwafakwa ezinye izinsimbi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo.
③I-Downhole drilling Rig: Uma ubhoboza imigodi yaphansi enobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-150 mm, ngaphezu kokubhobolwa kwamatshe, izimbobo ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-80 ukuya ku-150 mm nazo zingasetshenziswa.

5. Imishini yokudonsa
Isebenzisa umfutho we-axial namandla ajikelezayo womsiki ukuze igingqike endaweni yedwala, ingachoboza ngokuqondile ukwakheka kwetshe lensimbi noma ukwakheka kahle kwezinto zokusebenza zemishini.Imimese esetshenziswayo ihlanganisa izindawo zokungcebeleka zamadisk, izinsimbi ze-wedge, izinkinobho zezinkinobho namathuluzi okugaya.Ngokomehluko we-tunneling, ihlukaniswe yaba i-rig boring rig, i-shaft boring rig kanye nomshini wokubhoboza womgwaqo oyisicaba.
① Izinsimbi zokuphakamisa imbobo zisetshenziselwa ngokukhethekile ukumba imigodi ephakamisa izimbobo nama-chute.Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo sokungena emgodini ophakanyisiwe.Imbobo yokuhlola ibholwa nge-roller bit kuqala, futhi imbobo yokuvuselela imbobo eyenziwe nge-disc hob isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela imbobo phezulu.
②I-rig yokumba i-shaft isetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukubhola umthombo ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi iqukethe isistimu yethuluzi lokumba, idivayisi ejikelezayo, i-derrick, isistimu yokuphakamisa ithuluzi lokumba kanye nesistimu yokujikeleza kodaka.
③Umshini wokumba, umshini ophelele ohlanganisa ukuphuka kwamadwala nokuphuma kwe-slag kanye nokumba okuqhubekayo.Isetshenziswa kakhulu emigwaqweni yamalahle, imigudu yobunjiniyela ezimayini ezithambile kanye nokulinganisa okuphakathi kwamatshe ensimbi anobunzima obuphakathi nangaphezulu.Umhubhe.

6. Imishini yokumba amalahle
Imisebenzi yezimayini yamalahle ithuthuke kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini emincane ngeminyaka yawo-1950 kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini okuphelele ngeminyaka yawo-1980.Imayini yamalahle eyimishini ebanzi isetshenziswa kakhulu emigodini engashoni ephindwe kabili (eyodwa) ehlanganisa izigubhu zamalahle (noma amageja), izigubhu eziguquguqukayo zokuthutha amalahle, izisekelo ezizihambelayo zama-hydraulic kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza ukwenza ubuso bezimayini bamalahle buchoboze futhi bulayishe Ukucutshungulwa okubanzi kwamalahle, ezokuthutha, ukwesekwa kanye nezinye izixhumanisi kuzotholakala.I-double drum shearer ingumshini wokuwa kwamalahle.Imoto kagesi idlulisela amandla kusigubhu esivunguzayo ukuwisa amalahle ngesinciphisi sengxenye yokusika, futhi ukunyakaza komshini kutholwa yinjini kagesi ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yokudlulisela ingxenye yokudonsa.Kunezindlela ezimbili zokudonsa, okuyi-anchor chain traction kanye ne-non-anchor chain traction.Iketango le-anchor traction lifinyelelwa ngokuxhuma i-sprocket yengxenye yokudonsa ngeketango lehange eligxilwe kusihambisi.

7. Ukumba uwoyela
Imishini yokumba uwoyela ogwini.Ngokwenqubo yezimayini, ihlukaniswe yaba yimishini yokumba, imishini yokukhipha uwoyela, imishini yokusebenza, kanye nemishini yokuphuka nokufaka i-asidi ukuze kugcinwe ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwemithombo kawoyela.Imishini yokumba Isethi ephelele yemishini yokumba noma yokumba imithombo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe uwoyela noma igesi yemvelo.Imishini yokumba uwoyela, okuhlanganisa ama-derricks, ama-drawworks, imishini kagesi, amasistimu okuhambisa udaka, isistimu yokubhekana, ama-turntable, ukufakwa kwe-wellhead kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ugesi.I-derrick isetshenziselwa ukufaka ama-cranes, amabhulokhi okuhamba, amahhuku, njll., ukuphakamisa ezinye izinto ezisindayo phezulu naphansi endaweni yokubhoboza, kanye nokumisa amathuluzi okubhola emthonjeni ukuze kubhojwe.

8. Imishini yokucubungula amaminerali
Ukuhlomula kuyinqubo yokukhetha amaminerali awusizo kumaminerali aqoqwe ngokwehlukana kwezakhiwo zomzimba, zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali amaminerali ahlukahlukene.Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo kubizwa ngemishini yokuhlomula.Imishini yokuhlomula ihlukaniswe yaba yimishini yokuchoboza, yokugaya, yokuhlunga, yokuhlunga (yokuhlunga) kanye neyokukhipha amanzi ngokohlelo lokuhlomula.Imishini esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuchoboza ama-crusher emihlathi, ama-crushers e-gyratory, ama-cone crushers, ama-roller crushers kanye nama- impact crushers.Okusetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokugaya i-barrel mill, okuhlanganisa izigayo zama-rod, izigayo zamabhola, izigayo zamatshe kanye nezigayo ze-lamine ezizihambelayo.Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezingenakunyakaziswa nezikrini ze-resonance zivame ukusetshenziswa emishinini yokuhlola.Izihlukanisi ze-hydraulic kanye nezigaba zemishini ziyimishini yokuhlukanisa esetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yokuhlukanisa emanzi.Imishini yokwehlukanisa esetshenziswa ngokuvamile ingumshini wokuntanta we-airlift microbubble flotation onesigaba esigcwele, kanti imishini edume kakhulu yokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni iwuhlelo lwe-multi-frequency dehydration screen tailings dry discharge system.Uhlelo oludume kakhulu lokuchotshozwa nokugaya i- superfine laminated self-mill.

9. Imishini yokumisa
Isomisi esikhethekile se-slime siwuhlobo olusha lwemishini yokomisa ekhethekile eyenziwe ngesisekelo sesomisi sezigubhu, esingasetshenziswa kabanzi ku:
1. Ukomiswa kwetshe lemboni yamalahle, amalahle aluhlaza, amalahle ahlanzekile antantayo, amalahle ahlanzekile axutshwe nezinye izinto;
2. Ukomiswa kwe-blast furnace slag, ubumba, i-bentonite, i-limestone, isihlabathi, itshe le-quartz nezinye izinto embonini yokwakha;
3. Ukomiswa kwezinsimbi ezehlukene, izinsalela zemfucuza, izinsalela nezinye izinto embonini yokuhlomula;
4. Ukomiswa kwezinto ezingezwani nokushisa embonini yamakhemikhali.