Imishini yokumba isetshenziswa ngqo emisebenzini yokumba nokucebisa amaminerali. Kubandakanya imishini yokumba kanye nemishini yokuzuza. Umgomo wokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo semishini yokuhlola izinto kuyafana kakhulu noma kufana naleyo esetshenziswa ekumbeni amaminerali afanayo. Ngokubanzi, imishini yokuhlola izinto ingeyemishini yokumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lama-crane, ama-conveyor, ama-ventilator kanye nemishini yokukhipha amanzi nazo ziyasetshenziswa emisebenzini yokumba.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini yezimayini

1. Imishini yokuchoboza
Imishini yokuchoboza iyimishini yemishini esetshenziselwa ukuchoboza amaminerali.

Imisebenzi yokuchoboza ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokuchoboza okukhulu, ukuchoboza okuphakathi kanye nokuchoboza okuncane ngokuya ngobukhulu bokuphakelwa nokukhipha i-granularity. Imishini yamatshe ayigugu evame ukusetshenziswa ifaka phakathi i-jaw crusher, i-impact crusher, i-impact crusher, i-compound crusher, i-single-stage hammer crusher, i-vertical crusher, i-gyratory crusher, i-cone crusher, i-roller crusher Umshini, i-double roller crusher, i-two-in-one crusher, i-one-time forming crusher, njll.

Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisithupha ngokwendlela yokuchoboza kanye nezici zesakhiwo somshini (umgomo wesenzo).
(1) I-Jaw crusher (Laohukou). Isenzo sokuchoboza ukucindezela ipuleti lomhlathi elihambayo njalo epuletini lomhlathi eliqinile ukuze kuchobozwe amabhlogo ensimbi afakwe kulo.
(2) I-Cone crusher. Ibhloko le-ore litholakala phakathi kwama-cone angaphakathi nangaphandle, i-cone yangaphandle iqinile, futhi i-cone yangaphakathi iyashintshashintsha ngendlela engavamile ukuze ichoboze noma iphule ibhloko le-ore elibekwe kuyo.
(3) I-roller crusher. I-nugget icindezelwa kakhulu ngokuqhubekayo esikhaleni esiphakathi kwama-roller amabili ayindilinga ajikelezayo aphikisanayo, kodwa futhi inomphumela wokugaya nokukhuhla, kanti indawo ye-roller enamazinyo nayo inomphumela wokunqunywa.
(4) I-Impact crusher. Ama-nuggets e-ore achotshozwa umthelela wezingxenye ezihambayo ezijikelezayo ngokushesha. Okwalesi sigaba kungahlukaniswa kanje: i-hammer crusher; i-cage crusher; i-impact crusher.
(5) Umshini wokugaya. I-ore ichotshozwa ukushayisana kanye nesenzo sokugaya sendawo yokugaya (ibhola lensimbi, induku yensimbi, ibhulokhi yamatshe noma i-ore) kusilinda esijikelezayo.
(6) Ezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokuchoboza nokugaya.

2. Imishini yokumba
Imishini yokumba iyimishini yemishini esetshenziselwa ukumba ngqo amaminerali awusizo kanye nomsebenzi wokumba, okuhlanganisa: imishini yokumba yokumba izinsimbi zensimbi kanye nezinsimbi ezingezona ezensimbi; imishini yokumba amalahle yokumba amalahle; imishini yokumba uwoyela yokumba uphethiloli. Umshini wokuqala wokugunda amadiski omoya waklanywa unjiniyela waseBrithani uWalker futhi wakhiqizwa ngempumelelo cishe ngo-1868. Ngawo-1880, amakhulu emithombo yamafutha e-United States abholwa ngempumelelo ngama-percussion drills aqhutshwa ngomusi. Ngo-1907, kwasetshenziswa i-roller rig ukumba imithombo yamafutha negesi yemvelo. Kusukela ngo-1937, ibilokhu isetshenziselwa ukumba umgodi ovulekile.

3. Imishini yokumba
Imishini yokumba Imishini yokumba esetshenziswa ezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba kanye nezivulekile ihlanganisa: imishini yokumba yokumba imigodi; ukumba imishini kanye nokulayisha nokukhipha imishini yokumba nokulayisha insimbi; imishini yokufaka imihubhe yokumba ama-patio, imiphini kanye nokulinganisa.

4. Imishini yokubhoboza
Imishini yokubhoboza ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: imishini yokubhoboza amatshe kanye nemishini yokubhoboza. Imishini yokubhoboza ihlukaniswe imishini yokubhoboza engaphezulu kanye nemishini yokubhoboza engaphansi komhlaba.
① I-Drack drill: isetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi enobubanzi obungu-20-100 mm kanye nokujula okungaphansi kwamamitha angu-20 emadwaleni angaphezu kokuqina okuphakathi. Ngokwamandla awo, angahlukaniswa ngomoya, ukushisa kwangaphakathi, ama-hydraulic kanye nama-rock drill kagesi. Phakathi kwawo, ama-air drill yiwona asetshenziswa kakhulu.
② Imishini yokubhoboza ingaphezulu: Ngokwendlela yokusebenza ehlukene yedwala le-ore elichotshozwayo, ihlukaniswe ngemishini yokubhoboza izintambo zensimbi, imishini yokubhoboza ephansi emgodini, imishini yokubhoboza enama-roller kanye nemishini yokubhoboza ejikelezayo. Imishini yokubhoboza izintambo zensimbi iye yathathelwa indawo kancane kancane ngezinye izinsimbi zokubhoboza ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphansi.
③Imishini yokubhoboza imigodi engaphansi: Lapho kubhobozwa imigodi engaphansi kwemigodi enobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-150 mm, ngaphezu kokubhoboza ngamatshe, kungasetshenziswa futhi ukubhoboza okuncane okungaphansi kwemigodi okungu-80 kuya ku-150 mm.

5. Imishini yokufaka imihubhe
Ukusebenzisa ingcindezi ye-axial kanye namandla okujikeleza kwesikhiphi ukugingqa phezu kwedwala, kungachoboza ngqo ukwakheka kwedwala le-ore noma imishini yokwakheka komthombo. Imimese esetshenziswayo ifaka phakathi ama-disk hobs, ama-wedge hobs, ama-button hobs namathuluzi okugaya. Ngokusho komehluko we-tunneling, ihlukaniswe nge-rig yokukhuphula isicefe, i-shaft boring rig kanye nomshini wokubhoboza umgwaqo oyisicaba.
① Ama-rig okubhoboza imigodi ephakanyisiwe asetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ekubhobozeni imigodi ephakanyisiwe kanye nama-chutes. Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo sokungena emgodini ophakanyisiwe. Umgodi wokuhlola ubhobozwa nge-roller bit kuqala, bese i-hole reamer eyenziwe nge-disc hob isetshenziselwa ukuphinda imbobo iye phezulu.
②I-rig yokubhoboza umgodi isetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukubhoboza umthombo ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi iqukethe uhlelo lwamathuluzi okubhoboza, idivayisi ejikelezayo, i-derrick, uhlelo lokuphakamisa amathuluzi okubhoboza kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza udaka.
③Umshini wokubhoboza, uwumshini ophelele ohlanganisa ukuqhekeka kwamatshe okwenziwa ngomshini kanye nokukhishwa kwe-slag kanye nokumba okuqhubekayo. Usetshenziswa kakhulu emigwaqweni yamalahle, imigudu yobunjiniyela ezimayini ezithambile kanye nokulinganisa phakathi kwamatshe ensimbi anobunzima obuphakathi nangaphezulu. Ukufaka imisele.

6. Imishini yokumba amalahle
Imisebenzi yokumba amalahle ithuthuke kusukela ekusebenziseni imishini emincane ngawo-1950 kuya ekusebenziseni imishini ephelele ngawo-1980. Ukumba amalahle okunemishini ephelele kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekusikeni okungajulile izigubhu ezimbili (ezikodwa) zabavukuzi bamalahle abahlanganisiwe (noma amageja), abathuthi be-scraper abaguquguqukayo, izisekelo ezihambayo ze-hydraulic kanye neminye imishini yokwenza ukumba amalahle kucindezelwe futhi kulayishwe ubuso. Kuzokwenziwa imishini ephelele yamalahle, ezokuthutha, ukwesekwa kanye nezinye izixhumanisi. Ukugunda izigubhu ezimbili kungumshini owela amalahle. Injini kagesi idlulisela amandla kusigubhu esijikelezayo ukuze iwise amalahle ngesinciphisi sezingxenye zokusika, futhi ukunyakaza komshini kuqashelwa yimoto kagesi ngedivayisi yokudlulisa izingxenye zokudonsa. Ngokuyisisekelo kunezindlela ezimbili zokudonsa, okungukuthi ukudonswa kweketanga le-anchor kanye nokudonswa kweketanga okungeyona i-anchor. Ukudonswa kweketanga le-anchor kufezwa ngokuhlanganisa i-sprocket yengxenye yokudonsa ngeketanga le-anchor elibekwe ku-conveyor.

7. Ukumba uwoyela
Imishini yokumba uwoyela ogwini. Ngokwenqubo yokumba, ihlukaniswe ngemishini yokumba, imishini yokukhipha uwoyela, imishini yokusebenza ngaphezulu, kanye nemishini yokuqhekeka nokwenza i-asidi ukuze kulondolozwe ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwemithombo yamafutha. Imishini yokumba Isethi ephelele yemishini yomshini yokumba noma yokukhiqiza imithombo yokumba yokuthuthukiswa kowoyela noma igesi yemvelo. Ama-rig okumba uwoyela, okuhlanganisa ama-derrick, ama-drawwork, imishini yamandla, izinhlelo zokujikeleza udaka, uhlelo lokudonsa, ama-turntable, ukufakwa kwe-wellhead kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ugesi. I-derrick isetshenziselwa ukufaka ama-crane, amabhlogo okuhamba, ama-hook, njll., ukuphakamisa ezinye izinto ezisindayo phezulu naphansi phansi kokumba, kanye nokumisa amathuluzi okumba emthonjeni wokumba.

8. Imishini yokucubungula amaminerali
Ukuzuza kuyinqubo yokukhetha amaminerali awusizo ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zamaminerali eziqoqiwe ngokuya ngomehluko wezakhiwo zomzimba, zomzimba kanye nezamakhemikhali zamaminerali ahlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwale nqubo kubizwa ngokuthi imishini yokuzuza. Imishini yokuzuza ihlukaniswe ngemishini yokuchoboza, yokugaya, yokuhlunga, yokuhlunga (yokuhlunga) kanye neyokukhipha amanzi ngokwenqubo yokuzuza. Imishini yokuchoboza evame ukusetshenziswa yimishini yokugaya i-jaw, i-gyratory crushers, i-cone crushers, i-roller crushers kanye ne-impact crushers. Esetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokugaya yi-barrel mill, kufaka phakathi imishini yokugaya induku, imishini yokugaya ibhola, imishini yokugaya amatshe kanye nemishini yokugaya i-superfine laminated. Izikrini zokudlidliza ezingenayo kanye nezikrini ze-resonance zivame ukusetshenziswa emishinini yokuhlunga. Ama-hydraulic classifiers kanye nemishini yokuhlukanisa imishini yimishini yokuhlukanisa esetshenziswa kabanzi emisebenzini yokuhlukanisa amanzi. Imishini yokuhlukanisa i-flotation evame ukusetshenziswa iwumshini wokukhipha amanzi we-microbubble wesigaba esigcwele, kanti imishini yokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni edume kakhulu uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni olune-frequency eminingi. Uhlelo lokuchoboza nokugaya oludumile kakhulu yi-superfine laminated self-mill.

9. Imishini yokomisa
I-slime special dryer uhlobo olusha lwemishini ekhethekile yokomisa eyakhiwe ngesisekelo se-drum dryer, engasetshenziswa kabanzi ku:
1. Ukomiswa kwe-slime yemboni yamalahle, amalahle angaphekiwe, amalahle ahlanzekile athambile, amalahle ahlanzekile axubile nezinye izinto;
2. Ukomiswa kwe-blast furnace slag, ubumba, i-bentonite, i-limestone, isihlabathi, itshe le-quartz nezinye izinto embonini yokwakha;
3. Ukomisa izinto ezahlukahlukene zensimbi, izinsalela zemfucuza, imisele nezinye izinto embonini yokuthuthukisa imvelo;
4. Ukomisa izinto ezingazweli ekushiseni embonini yamakhemikhali.